GSM Network Explained

[Mod]

Here is a running thread to help cellular users understand the GSM network. If you have questions or comments post them here.

GSM is currently the world's largest cellular network. Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is one of the leading digital cellular systems. GSM uses narrowband TDMA, which allows eight simultaneous calls on the same radio frequency.

GSM was first introduced in 1991. By the end of 1997, the GSM service was available in more than 100 countries. It has become the de facto standard in Europe and Asia.

Considered the most advanced digital cellular technology, GSM networks are leaders in many typically "digital" services including Short Message Service (SMS), Over the air (OTA) configuration and GSM positioning. Thanks to its technology and presence both in the Americas and the rest of the world, GSM is well positioned for global roaming. Many new GSM phones are called "global phones" because they can be used in virtually any country. The SIM card ("Subscriber Identification Module") is a unique and essential component of GSM phones.

Where GSM is used:
> GSM 900 (transmitting on the 900 MHz frequency band) is Europe's main digital network. It's also used in the Asia-Pacific region.
> GSM 1800 (transmitting on the 1800 MHz frequency band) is also used in Europe and Asia, but has not been as widely adopted as GSM 900.
> GSM 1900 (transmitting on the 1900 MHz frequency band) is the GSM system used mainly in the Americas and Canada.

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